•Results of copper stain testing often are negative early in the disease. Negative results of copper staining of liver biopsy specimens do not exclude the diagnosis, since stored copper may be distributed heterogeneously.
•
•The following laboratory results may be observed in patients with WD:
–Elevated
aminotransferase levels
–Abnormal
results on coagulation tests
–Hemolytic
anemia
–Aminoaciduria,
glycosuria, uric aciduria, and calciuria
–
•Mutational
analysis and haplotype analysis is being pursued for diagnosis as well as
carrier state detection in the siblings.